WORKSHEET CLASS 11 CONTD.

 

CH – 10 CELL-CYCLE AND CELL-DIVISION

              Multiple choice questions:

1.      What is G_o phase?

a)      Cells divide

b)      Cell increase in size

c)      Cell swells

d)      Cell remains inactive

2.      At which stage of cell-division, the structure of chromosomes are best studied?

a)      Inter phase

b)      Anaphase

c)      Metaphase

d)      telophase

 

3.      What is kitchen of the cell?

a)      Nucleus

b)      Golgi

c)      Plastids

d)      Mitochondria

4.      Who proposed fluid mosaic model of plasma membrane?

a)      Waldeyer

b)      Singer and Nicholson

c)      Altmann

d)      Golgi

5.      What are altman granules?

a)      Lysozomes

b)      ER

c)      Mitochondria

d)      Plastids

6.      At which stage of cell division crossing over occurs?

a)      Leptotene

b)      Pachytene

c)      Diplotene

d)      Zygotene

7.      Name the type of cell division that occurs in gametogenesis.

a)      Mitosis

b)      Amitosis

c)      Meiosis

d)      Both mitosis and meiosis

8.      Name the cell in which division starts during foetal stage.

a)      Egg moyher cell

b)      Sperm mother cell

c)      Polar body

d)      Endosperm

9.      The cell membrane of the vacuole is called

a)      Plasma membrane

b)      Cell membrane

c)      Tonoplast

d)      Both a and b

10.  The type of cell division that occur in prokaryote is called

a)      Amitosis

b)      Meiosis

c)      Mitosis

d)      Endomitosis

Fill in the blanks:

1.      Lysosomes was discovered by----------------.

2.      Longest phase of cell cycle is--------------------.

3.      DNA synthesis takes place in-------------------.

4.      Mitochondria was discovered by--------------------.

5.      Synapsis takes place during----------------.

6.      Gametes are-------------but endosperm is------------------.

7.      Chromosome in which centriole is in the middle is called-------------------.

8.      Nucleus and nucleolus disappear during the--------------------stage of cell division.

 ONE MARK QUESTIONS:

1.      Why is lysozomes called suicidal bag?

2.      What are porins?

3.      What are F₁ particles?

4.      Name the cell organelles which form the cytoskeleton of the cell.

5.      What are bivalents?

6.      What is a tetrad?

7.      What are chiasmata?

8.      What is terminalisation?

9.      What is crossing over?

10.   What is a spindle?

11.  Differentiate between karyokinesis and cytokinesis.

12.  Name the methods of cytokinesis that occurs during division of a)plant cell b)animal cell.

ANSWERS FOR:MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:

1.      d

2.      c

3.      c

4.      b

5.      c

6.      b

7.      d

8.      a

9.      c

10.  a

FILL IN THE BLANKS:

1.      de Duve

2.      interphase

3.      S-phase

4.      Benda

5.      Zygotene

6.      Haploid; triploid

7.      Metacentric

8.      Prophase

 ONE MARK QUESTIONS:   

1.      They destroy the cell itself by its digestive enzymes.

2.      Minute pores through which transport occurs in plasma membrane.

3.      ATP synthesis takes place.

4.      ER, Golgi complex etc.

5.      Pairs of homologous chromosomes which come close together.

6.      When chromatids split and each chromosome bears four chromatids.

7.       The point of attachment of non-sister chromatids.

8.      It occurs after crossing over, the chiasmata move toward its end.

9.      Exchange of chromosomal segments of non-sister chromatids.

10.  It forms during cell division when centrosomes move towards opposite poles.

11.  Division of nucleus-karyokinesis: division of cytoplasm-cytokinesis.

12.  a) plant cell-cell plate formation;  b) animal cell-furrow formation

CH 12 - MINERAL NUTRITION

1)	What is hydroponics?	1
2)	Who demonstrated this method?	1
3)	In what amount a macronutrient  present in plant tissue?	1
4)	Name the essential elements as components of biomolecules of cell?	1
5)	Name the enzymes in photosynthetic carbon fixation?	1
6)	Which element alter the osmotic potential of a cell?	1
7)	What is the role of potassium element?	1
8)	Name the element forms the ring structure of chlorophyll?	1
9)	What is critical concentration ?	1
10)	What is flux?	1
11)	What is nitrogen fixation ?	1
12)	What is transamination?	1
13)	Name two nitrogen fixation bacteria in root nodules?	1
14)	Name any two chemoautotrophs.	1
15)	What is rhizobium?	1
	ANSWERS
1	The technique of growing plants in  a nutrients solutions.
2	Julius von Sachs
3	In  excess of 10 m mole kg -1 of dry matter.
4	C,H,O,and N.
5	RuBisco and phospoenol pyruvate carboxylase.
6	Potassium
7	Opening and closing of stomata.
8	Magnesium.
9	The concentration of the essential element below which plant growth is retarted.
10	The movement of ions in the cell.
11	The process of conversion of nitrogen to ammonia .
12	Transfer of amino group from one amino acid to the keto group of keto acids.
13	Rhizobium and Frankia.
14	Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter.
15	Nitrogen fixing  bacteria.

MINERAL NUTRITION

1	-----------------------is the loss of chlorophyll leading to yellowing in leaves	1
	Chlorosis
2	Decomposition of organic nitrogen of dead plants and animals into ammonia is called --------------------------	1
	Ammonification.
3	Ammonia is oxidised to nitrite by the bacteria known as--------	1
	Nitrosomanas or Nitrococcus
4	Reduction of nitrogen to ammonia by living organisms is called--------	1
	Biological nitrogen fixation.
5	The enzyme-------------which is capable of nitrogen reduction is present exclusively in --------------------such microbes are called N2-fixers.	1
	Nitrogenase, Prokaryotes
6	Nodule appears pink due the presence of -------------------.-	1
	Leghaemoglobin
7	Necessary biochemical components in the nodule are------------------and---------------	1
	Nitrogenase,leghaemoglobin
8	Enzyme nitrogenase is------------ protein.	1
	Mo-Fe protein.
9	Enzyme ----------acts as oxygen scavenger.	1
	Leghaemoglobin
10	Enzyme -----------------acts an anaerobic condition.	1
	Nitrogenase
11	In reductive amination ammonia reacts with alpha ketoglutaric acid to form------------------.	1
	Glutamic acid
12	------------------elements are found in different plants.	1
	60
13	------------------is in the splitting of water to liberate oxygen during photosynthesis.	1
	Manganese
14	Free living nitrogen fixing microbe is	1
	A)Azotobacter B)Rodospirillum C)anaebena D)Rhirobium	A
15	Cyanobacteria which can fix nitrogen is	1
	A)Rhizobium B)Frankia C)bacillus D)Anaebena	A

1.      Chlorosis-is the loss of chlorophyll leading to yellowing in leaves

2.      Decomposition of organic nitrogen of dead plants and animals into ammonia is called as ammonification.

3.      Ammonia is oxidised to nitrite by the bacteria known as Nitrosomanas

4.      Reduction of nitrogen to ammonia by living organisms is called—Biological N2 fixation.

5.      Reduction of nitrogen to ammonia by living organisms is called--------

6.      Nodule appears pink due the presence of -------------------.

7.      Necessary biochemical components in the nodule are------------------and---------------

8.      Enzyme ----------acts as oxygen scavenger.

9.      Enzyme -----------------acts an anaerobic condition.

10.  In reductive amination ammonia reacts with alpha ketoglutaric acid to form------------------.

11.  --sixty-elements are found in different plants.

 

CH 13 - PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN HIGHER PLANTS

Fill in the blanks----

1.------Cells of leaves contain a large number of chloroplasts.

Ans. Mesophylls

2.----has a 700nm absorbing chlorophylla -------at its reaction centre.

Ans PSI,P700

3.---------Chlorophyll is  termed as universal photosynthetic pigment.

Ans Chlorophylla

4---------and-------------- are named as C4 plants.

Ans. Euphorbia Bouganvilea

5.------------and-------of visible spectrum is mostly affective in photosynthesis.

Ans. Blue and Red light

SHORT QUESTION---MARKS---1

1.Name the photosynthetic pigment which can be converted to vitaminA.

Ans B-carotene

2.Who proposed C₄ cycle?

Ans.M.D.Hatch and C.R.Slack

3.Name the carbon dioxide acceptor inC₄ cycle.

Ans.PEP(Phosphoenol pyruvic acid.

4.Name three cell organelles involved in photorespiration.

AnsChloroplast,Mitochondria,Peroxisomes

5.What is Red drop?

Ans.It is occasional fall in photosynthetic yield beyond red region of spectrum.This is also called Emersion effect.

6.What is Photoluminescence?

Ans.The phenomenon of reradiation of absorbed the energy.

7.What is assimilatory power?

Ans.Chemical energy of ATP and reducing power of NADPH₂

are assimilatory power.

8.What is Kranz anatomy?

Ans.Kranz anatomy of leaf means the mesophyll tissue is undifferentiated in leaves.

9.Name any two green sulphur bacteria

Ans.Chlorobium,chlorobacterium

10.Why photorespiration also called C2 cycle?

Ans.Since it involves synthesis of two carbon compounds like glycolyicacid,glycoxylate and Glycine.

CH 14 - RESPIRATION IN PLANTS

Fill in the blanks----

1.The compound  that are oxidized  during the respiration is known as----

Ans. Respiratory substrates

2.The products of Kreb’s cycle  are ----and --------

Ans. NADH⁺+H⁺and FADH₂

3.The enzyme that is required for the synthesis of ATP-----

Ans. ATP synthetase

4.Instrument that is used to measure respiratory quotient as well as rate of respiration----

Ans. Respirometer

5.The full form of EMP pathway----

Ans Embden,Mayerhof

6.The energy released by the oxidation is stored in the form of energy-------

Ans.ATP

7.The enzyme that enters in Kreb’s cycle--------

Ans. AcetylcoA

8.The organelle ,where Pyruvic acid is transported----

Ans. Mitochondria

9.The fate of the pyruvate depends on the availability of ------and the organism.

Oxygen

10.Under aerobic condition, either lactic acid fermentation and -----------fermentation occurs.

Ans. Alcohol

SHORT QUESTION---MARKS---1

1.Define respiratory substrate.

Ans. The organic substances which can be catabolised in the living cells to release energy are called respiratory substrate.

2.What are the main sources of energy?

Ans. Carbohydrates ,Lipidsand proteins

3.Why oxygenis the ultimate acceptor of electrons in ETS?

Ans. Because ,It becomes reactive and combines with proton to form metabolic water.

4.What does Glycolysis literally means?

Ans. Glycolysis literally means breakdown of sugar

5.What is photophosphorylation?

Ans. Phosphorylation is the reaction through which ATP is synthesized.

6.Why is fermentation is known as zymosis?

Ans. Fermentation is caused by mixing sugar solution with yeast extract. The enzyme complex present in extract is Zymase. This

Is why, fermentation is called Zymosis.

7.What is the significance of F₀-F₁ combination in mitochondria?

Ans.It maintains the proton gradient on the two sides of the membrane.

8.What is the role of ATPase?

Ans. ATPase helps in the formation of ATP from ADP.

9.Why does anaerobic respiration yield less energy than aerobic respiration?

Ans. Anaerobic respiration yields less energy than aerobic due to incomplete oxidation of substrate.

10What is Glycolysis?

Ans.The process of breakdown of glucose by EMP pathway in presence of enzymes and coenzymes is called glycolysis.

 

CH 15 - PLANT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

1.        Generally trees continue to increases in

A. Length             B) breadth          C) Height D) Height and girth both

2. Development is the sum of two following processes.

A)     Photosynthesis and respiration B) diffusion and osmosis C) germination and fertilization

D) Growth and differentiation

                                                                                                                                 

3.  Cells of a plant are descendents of the

A) Tissues B) zygote C) endosperm D) embryo

 

4. The hormone which involve in the growth promoting activities

A)auxin B) cytokinine C) ethylene D) ABA

 

5. The hormone which occurs in the gaseous state and also called fruit ripening hormone is

A) Gibberellins B)Cytokinine C)auxin D)ethylene.

 

6. Low temperature treatment given to the seeds/seedlings to induce early flowering is called as A) photoperiodism B) vernalization C) bolting D) Apical dominance

 

7. The hormone which increases tolerance of plants to various stresses is

A) ABA B) cytokinine C)auxine D) 2,4-D                                     

 

8. The plant that require exposure of light more than critical duration is called

A) Short day plants B) day neutral plants C) xerophytes D) long day plants

 

9. In Arithmetic growth curve plotted is obtained is, in a shape of

A) Linear B) curved C) Spherical D) J-shaped

 

10. The sigmoid curve is obtained in graph of ------

A) Arithmetic growth B) geometric growth C) linear growth D) exponential growth

 

GIVE ONE WORD

11. Mention the number of phases in the growth of plants.

12. Name the meristem involved in increase in height of plants.

13. State the function of lateral meristem.

14. Mention the name of phase of growth where maximum growth is observed.

15 Expand an abbreviation of PGR.

16. Name hormone of plant which occur in gaseous state.

17. Expand IAA.

18. Name the plant hormone which was first isolated from human urine

19 Name the hormone which signals the closure of stomata during severe draught or severe solar radiations.

20. Write an equation of exponential growth.                                         

 

Fill in the blanks

21. There are -----phases of growth

 

22. The secondary growth is increase in -----

23. Increase in growth per unit time is called------

24. Complete the following equation Lt----=----+rt

25. Sudden elongation of the internodes just prior to flowering is called ------

26 the pigment which perceives the light stimulus is called----

27. Plant growth is ----

28. Growth can be defined as an --permanent increase in sized of an organ or its parts even often individual

29. Forms of growth where new cells are always s being added to the plant body due to activity of ----- tissue.

30. In plants apical meristem is responsible for increase in ----

ANSWERS

1.D    2.D        3.B    4.A     5.D    6.B    7.A     8.D    9.A    10.D                                  

 

11. Three   12. Apical meristem      13.  Increase in thickness    14. Exponential growth

15. Plant growth regulators 16. Ethylene   17.Abscissic acid    18.Auxin

19. ABA   20. W₁=W₀e^rt                                                          

21. Three.  22. Increase in girth    23. Growth rate   24.Lo.     25 bolting       26.Phytochrome

27. Unlimited        28. Irreversible    29.Meristematic tissues   30. Height