1. Most prokaryotic cells,
particularly the bacterial cells, have a chemically complex cell envelope. The
cell envelope consists of a tightly bound three layered structure i.e., the
outermost …………… followed by the …………………… and then the …………………….
2. Bacteria can be classified into
two groups on the basis of the differences in the cell envelopes and the manner
in which they respond to the staining procedure developed by Gram viz., those
that take up the gram stain are ……………………. and the others that do not are
called ………………….. bacteria.
3. There is ……….(Yes/No) well-defined nucleus. The genetic material is
basically …… (yes/no) enveloped by a nuclear membrane.
4. Mention the sizes of the
following in µm
(a)
Typical bacteria
(b)
PPLO
(c)
Viruses
(d)
A typical eukaryotic cell
5. Schleiden and Schwann to give
the cell theory a final shape. Cell theory as understood today is:
(i)
All living organisms are composed of cells and products of
cells.
Find out the second postulate.
(ii)
………………………………………………………………………………………
CHOOSE THE
RIGHT ANSWER:
1.
Which
of the following statements regarding cilia is not correct?
a. Cilia contain an outer ring of nine doublet
microtubules surrounding two single microtubules
b. The organized beating of cilia is controlled
by fluxes of Ca2+ across the membrane
c. Cilia are hair like cellular appendages
d. Microtubules of cilia are composed of tubulin [ans: b]
2.
Nucleic
acid occurs in
a. Golgi body
b. Lysosomes
c. Cytoplasm
d. Mitochondria and chloroplasts [ans:
d]
3.
Axoneme
having 9+2 doublet microtubule arrangement is found in
a. Cilia
b. Flagella
c. Cilia and flagella
d. Centriole [ans:
c]
4.
Cytoskeleton
is made up of
a. Proteinaceous filaments
b. Calcium carbonate granules
c. Callose deposits
d. Cellulosic microfibrils [ans: a]
5.
Which
of the following dyes is best suited for staining chromosomes?
a. Basic fuchsin
b. Safranin
c. Methylene blue
d. Carmine [ans:
d]
6.
Which
of the following is not a function of cytoskeleton in a cell?
a. Intracellular transport
b. Maintenance of cell shape and structure
c. Support of the organelle
d. Cell motility [ans:
a]
7.
Microfilaments
in eukaryotic cells are made up of
a. Actin
b. Albumin
c. Globulin
d. Fibrin [ans:
a]
8.
The
chromosomes become gradually visible with compaction of chromatin during the
meiotic stage
a. Diplotene
b. Leptotene
c. Zygotene
d. Pachytene [ans:b]
9.
In
which of the following types of chromosomes, two equal arms are formed?
a. Telocentric
b. Acrocentric
c. Metacentric
d. Sub-metacentric [ans:c]
10.
Both
the centrioles in a centrosome lie ………………….. .
a. Parallel to each other
b. Perpendicular to each other
c. On top of each other
d. One behind the other
11. Who described the live cell?
(a) Robert brown
(b) Robert Hooke
(c) Anton Von Leeuwenhoek
(d) Virchow
12. Who reported that cells had a
thin outer layer which is today known as the ‘plasma membrane’?
(a) Theodore Schwann
(b) Robert Hooke
(c) Anton Von Leeuwenhoek
(d) Virchow
13. The eukaryotic cells have other
membrane bound distinct structures called organelles like
(a) Mitochondria
(b) Chloroplast
(c) Vacuoles
(d) Nucleosome
14. A special membranous structure
is the ……………… which is formed by the extensions of plasma membrane into
the cell.
(a) Ribosomes
(b) Lysosomes
(c) Mesosomes
(d) Peroxisomes
15. What do inclusion bodies store in them
(a)
Reserve
materials
(b)
DNA
(c)
Genetic
material
(d)
Information
16. In addition to the genomic DNA (the single
chromosome/circular DNA), many bacteria have small circular DNA outside the
genomic DNA.
(a)
Plasmids
(b)
Phage
(c)
DNA
(d)
RNA
17. Mycoplasmas, the smallest cells, are only ……..
µm in length
(a)
0.3
µm
(b)
10
µm
(c)
10.5
µm
(d)
4.8
µm
18. ………….. are non-membrane bound organelles found
in all cells both eukaryotic as well as prokaryotic.
(a)
Polysomes
(b)
Lysosomes
(c)
Phagocytes
(d)
Ribosomes
19. Who first explained 1855, that cells divided
and new cells are formed from pre-existing cells (Omnis cellula-e cellula).
(a)
Rudolf
Virchow
(b)
Robert
browm
(c)
Schwann
(d)
Matthias
Schleiden
20. How can we suggest the nature of plasma membrane while interacting with the
outside world.
(a)
Permeable
(b)
Semi
Permeable
(c)
Completely
Permeable
(d)
Not
at all Permeable
OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS
1.
Name the kindgdom which does not come under
eukaryotes.
Ans Monera
2.
What
are eukaryotes?
Ans. Organisms without membrane bound
organelles
3.
Give
one major difference between plant cell and animal cell
Ans Presence of cell wall, plastids and
vacuole
4.
Name
the cell whose plasma membrane was first studied
Ans RBC
5.
Give
the nature of the polar head of lipid bilayer and also of non polar tail.
Ans Polar head is hydrophilic, non polar tail
is hydrophobic
6.
Where
are phosphoglycerrides seen in cell membrane.
Ans In plasma membrane
7.
What
was the model proposed by Singer and Nicholson for plasma membrane.
Ans Fluid mosaic model
8.
Name
the two types of proteins seen in plasma membrane
Ans Membrane proteins and integral proteins
9.
What
is quasifluid nature of plasma membrane
Ans Enables lateral movement of protein
molecules.
10.
Define
passive transport
Ans Movement of molecules from region of high
conc to low conc without expenditure of energy
11.
Define
active transport
Ans
Movement of molecules from a low conc gradient to a high conc gradient
without expenditure of energy
12.
What
is along concentration gradient. Give eg
Ans High to low conc eg diffusion
13.
What
is against concentration gradient .Give eg
Ans
From low conc to high conc eg active transport
14.
Which
mode of transport needs energy.
Ans Active transport
15.
What
are carrier proteins.
Ans Help in facilitated diffusion
16.
what
is chemical composition of middle lamellae
Ans Calcium pectate.
17.
Give
the function of plasmodesmata.
Ans Helps in exchange of materials between
cells
18.
Give
the chemical composition of algal cell wall.
AnsCellulose ,mannans, galactans
19.
Give
the chemical compositon of plant cellwall.
Ans Cellulose pectins and hemicellulose
20.
Name
the layers of cell wall.
Ans
Primary wall and secondary wall
21.
Define
osmosis.
Ans Movement of solvent molecules from region
of high conc to low cons through semipermeable membrane.
22. Ribosome plays a vital role in
one of the most important cellular process. What is the process?
23. What are the major parts of
flagella?
24. Inclusion bodies not bound by
any membrane system and lie free in the cytoplasm give two examples of these
bodies.
25. Name the single largest isolated cell.
CH
9 - BIOMOLECULES
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:
1.
Name
the first biomolecule formed on earth.
a) Protein
b) Fat
c) Carbohydrates
d) Nucleic acid
2.
Name
one natural polymer.
a) Cotton
b) Plastic
c) Rayon
d) Terylene
3.
Optimum
temperature of enzyme action is
a) 30-40 oC
b) 50 oC
c) 20 oC
d) 25oC
4.
The
non protein part of enzyme is called
a) co-enzyme
b) co-factor
c) Holo-enzyme
d) Prosthetic group
5.
The
distance between two successive nucleotides is
a) 34AO
b) 50AO
c) 3.4AO
d) 10AO
6.
The
number of base pairs present in one helix of DNA is
a) 10bp
b) 15bp
c) 12bp
d) 16bp
7.
The
phosphate group binds with sugar with the formation of a chmical bond called
a) Phosphodiester bond
b) Glycosidic bond
c) Peptide bond
d) Ionic bond
8.
Enzymes
are classified into how many groups?
a) Seven
b) Five
c) Six
d) Eight
9.
The
most abundant protein present in nature is called
a) Rubisco
b) Collagen
c) Elastin
d) Keratin
10. In animals most abundant protein is
a) Collagen
b) Ossein
c) Chondrin
d) Elastin
FILL IN THE BLANKS:
1. Enzymes get denatured at
--------------temperature.
2. Adenine pairs with----------and cytosine pairs
with------------
3. The two amino acids unite with the
bond------------
4. Lipids are chemically-------------
5. Dephosphorylated nucleotides are called------------
ONE MARK QUESTIONS:
1.
What
are mono, oligo and polysaccharides?
2.
What
is a glycol-sidic bond?
3.
Name
the components of lactose, maltose and sucrose.
4.
Name
the sources of lactose, maltose and sucrose.
5.
What
is a peptide bond? How does it form?
6.
What
are amino-acids? Draw a general structure.
7.
What
are fatty acids and glycerols?
8.
What
is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?
9.
What
are essential and non-essential amino
acids?
10.
What
are lipids? Give example.
11.
What
is ribose sugar and deoxy-ribose sugar?
12.
Name
the scientist who discovered double helical structure of DNA.
13.
What
is Chargaff’s rule?
14.
Which
nitrogen base is absent in RNA but present in DNA?
15.
Name
different types of RNA.
16.
What
is active site of an enzyme?
17.
What
is the difference between Apo-enzymes and Holo- enzymes?
ANSWERS FOR:MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:
1.
d
2.
a
3.
a
4.
d
5.
c
6.
a
7.
a
8.
c
9.
a
10.
a
FILL
IN THE BLANKS:
1. higher
2. thymine; guanine
3. peptide
4. organic acids
5. nucleosides
ONE MARK QUESTIONS:
1. Mono saccharides are simplest carbohydrates
which are structural units of all carbohydrates.
2. The chemical bond which forms between two
glucose molecules along with formation of water is called glycosidic bond.
3. Lactose-glucose + galactose
Maltose-glucose + glucose
Sucrose-glucose + fructose
4. Lactose-milk
Maltose-cereals
Sucrose-sugarcane
5. The chemical bond which forms between two
amino acids is peptide bond. It forms between amino group of first amino acid
and carboxylic group of second amino acid along with formation of water.
6. Amino acids are structural units of proteins.
H
|
NH2---C----COOH
|
R
7. Structural units of lipids or fats.
8. Saturated fatty acids have single bond.
Unsaturated fatty acids have double or triple bond between their carbon atoms.
9. Amino acids synthesized in the body—essential
FAs
Amino acids not synthesized but taken with
diet---non-essential FAs
10. Complex fats having ring structure
11. Deoxy ribose sugar-doesnot contain oxygen at
second carbon
Ribose sugar-contains oxygen at second carbon
12. Watson and Crick
13. A/T=G/C
14. Thymine
15. mRNA, tRNA, rRNA.
16. At which substrate gets attached.
17. Apo-enzyme—protein part of enzyme
Holo-enzyme—apoenzyme+prosthetic group
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